Apricot kernel oil is extracted from the seeds of apricots (Prunus armeniaca). It is known for its light texture and is commonly used in cosmetic formulations and culinary applications. The oil is rich in fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidants, making it a popular choice for skin care, hair care, and even as a cooking oil.

Apricot kernel oil contains:

Oleic acid: A monounsaturated fatty acid beneficial for heart health.
Linoleic acid: An essential fatty acid that helps maintain skin barrier function.
Vitamins A and E: Antioxidants that promote skin health and protect against oxidative stress.

The primary concern regarding apricot kernels is the presence of amygdalin, a compound that can release cyanide when metabolized. Bitter apricot kernels contain higher concentrations of amygdalin compared to sweet varieties. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has reported that consuming just a few bitter apricot kernels can exceed safe levels of amygdalin, leading to potential cyanide poisoning.

Symptoms of Cyanide Poisoning

Cyanide poisoning can manifest through various symptoms, including:

Nausea and vomiting
Headaches
Dizziness
Increased heart rate
Confusion or lethargy

In severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure and death.

Due to the risks associated with cyanide toxicity, health authorities advise against consuming apricot kernels, especially bitter ones. The Food Safety Authority of Ireland recommends limiting consumption to one or two sweet apricot kernels per day for adults.

The process of extracting apricot kernel oil typically involves cold pressing or refining, which significantly reduces the levels of amygdalin and, consequently, the risk of cyanide exposure. As a result, apricot kernel oil is usually considered safe for topical and culinary use.

Cosmetics: Apricot kernel oil is widely used in skin care products due to its moisturizing properties. It can help soothe dry skin and improve the appearance of fine lines.

Culinary Uses: While the oil is safe for consumption, it is essential to ensure that it is sourced from reputable suppliers to avoid any contamination with bitter kernels.

In summary, while apricot kernels can pose a risk of cyanide toxicity, apricot kernel oil, when properly processed, is generally safe for use. It offers numerous benefits for skin care and culinary applications without the associated risks of consuming the kernels themselves. Always opt for high-quality apricot kernel oil and consult with a healthcare provider if you have concerns regarding its use. By understanding the differences between the oil and the raw kernels, you can enjoy the benefits of apricot kernel oil safely.